Sutures for a Surgeon's Journal

A Journal of a Young Man of Massachusetts is a book originally published in 1816 anonymously, but well known at the time to have come from Benjamin Waterhouse, the first doctor to vaccinate for Small Pox in the United States.  But that’s a different story. 

The book was a best seller when originally published. And it turns out that Waterhouse didn’t write the book, but instead edited it.  The actual author was another American surgeon named, Amos Babcock who served on a ship during the War of 1812, and was taken prisoner by the British.  Subsequently, he spent time as a prisoner of war in a number of localities, the most notorious and last being Dartmoor Prison, in Britain. 

Dartmoor – at the time the name alone sent chills down a grown man’s spine. If he were British it was because the place was on the moor and was considered a place of evil.  Babcock adequately describes this:

This moor affords nothing for subsistence or pleasure. Rabbits cannot
live on it. Birds fly from it, and it is inhabited, according to the
belief of the most vulgar, by ghosts and daemons ; to which will now
doubtless be added, the troubled ghosts of the murdered American
prisoners. . . It is a fact that the market people have not sufficient
courage to pass this moor in the night. They are always sure to leave
Princetown by day light, not having the resolution of passing this
dreary, barren and heaven-abandoned spot in the dark. Before the bloody
massacre of our countrymen, this unhallowed spot was believed, by
common superstition, to belong to the Devil.

If he were French or English, it was because of its reputation for being a prison  with cramped and deplorable conditions.  

Most Americans today probably don’t know that around 1,500 Americans died at Dartmoor during the War of 1812 while prisoners of war. -- mostly from malnutrition and disease.

Babcock arrived at the Dartmoor prison October 1814, and he was there the day of an event called the Dartmoor Massacre of April 6, 1815. Seven Americans died and 31 were injured that day.  The war was essentially over when this happened.  The Treaty of Ghent had been signed.  Ships were on the way to bring the Americans home.  He includes official documents about the event and also tells what he witnessed of it, before, during and after.

I recently acquired a first edition copy of this fascinating book.  Because the Dartmoor Massacre is probably most famous event the writer describes, a foldout diagram showing the layout of Dartmoor Prison is the book’s  frontispiece,  It is referred to a number of times in the text.  I can imagine readers perusing the book and then going to the front to look at the diagram, folding it out, and then folding it back out – and then going back to the text.  That, I imagine, is why a large section of the frontispiece is missing from my copy, and I suspect quite a few other antique copies of this work, when you can find if and when you can find one.

My copy, however,  does still have the central panel of the Dartmoor Prison frontispiece.  Even that has been ripped in half, but painstakingly sewed back to together with tiny stitches.  It must have been sewn back together many years ago, probably sometime later in the 19^th century.

Why would someone go to such trouble?  One can only guess. The events were much closer to those 19^th century readers than to us.  We barely know or would care that the British ever held Americans prisoners of war on their native soil.    But Americans reading the book in 1820 probably read the book eagerly to know what the world was like – as seen by one man’s eyes, a Young Man from Massachusetts.

A picture of the frontispiece shown Dartmoor Prison as can be found at history.navy.mil

The frontispiece sutured up.

Why Is That Monkey Boiling a Cat, or "Pleasant Pictures"

I recently came across an antique children’s book called “Pleasant Pictures”, published in 1896 by Donohue, Henneberry & Co..  There is no author attributed to the book.  Many of the illustrations are signed by Harrision Wier, a famous British illustrator and cat breeder of some repute. Other illustrators are also represented in this book, but I can’t identify who they are.

The illustrations in this book cover a variety of themes, and they all either contain animals or children.  However, some of the pictures seem very strange, even disturbing, especially considering this is a children’s book.

Here are some examples:

Poor Puss is in bad luck.  The monkey has taken a notion that Puss ought to have a bath, and so while the cook is out of the kitchen, Mr. Monkey douses Miss Puss into a kettle of water that has just been placed over the fire.  

The  poor little puppy is dead and its mamma has dug it a little grave in the garden as is going to bury it.  See how sad the poor mother look sad she stops in her work to gaze for the last time on her dearly loved and lost little pup.  This is one of the Harrison Wier illustrations in the book.

Pussy is moving to another town from that where she and her kittens have been living.  She is carrying her kittens one at a time, and will be tired enough by the time she has her whole family moved.  She has moved all the kittens but one, and that one seems not to like being left along very much. This is another Harrision Wier illustration.

The back cover has an illustration of two little girls sitting on the floor consoling each other. A cat sits on a chair above them.  On the floor behind the Girls is a bird cage, and scattered around them are bird parts.

Perhaps the readers of this book were expected to be closer to the possibility of death. It seems that today we want nothing more than to protect our children from anything bad and evil.  Perhaps that was true in 1896 as well.  Maybe death wasn’t considered bad and evil by the writer and illustrators of this book, but the way of the world, that even a child had to live with on a daily basis.   Did the publishers of this book want to indoctrinate their young readers into the world that included death as a matter-of-fact event, or were they simply telling young readers about reality as they saw it?